Horses are grazing animals, and their teeth are perfectly adapted for that purpose. Like humans, horses get two sets of teeth in their lifetime. The baby teeth, called deciduous teeth, are temporary. By age 5, most horses have a full complement of permanent teeth.

THE HORSE'S MOUTH: An oral exam should be an essential part of the annual physical exam by a veterinarian. Preventative and routine maintenance of a horse’s teeth is known as “floating.” It should be done at least annually. This removes sharp enamel points, plus creates an even bite plane. This is especially important in horses who have lost a tooth, or whose teeth are in poor apposition and do not fit well together.

RECOGNIZING DENTAL PROBLEMS:

Horses with dental problems may either show obvious signs, or none at all. Some horses adapt to their discomfort. For this reason, periodic dental exams are essential. Indicators include:

1) Loss of feed from mouth while eating, difficulty chewing, or excessive salivation.

2) Loss of body condition.

3) Large or undigested feed particles in manure.

4) Head tilting, bit chewing, tongue lolling, tossing, fighting the bit, or resisting bridling.

5) Poor performance, such as lugging on bridle, failing to turn or stop, or even bucking.

6) Foul odor from mouth or nostrils, or traces of blood from the mouth.

7) Nasal discharge or swelling of face, or from the jaw or mouth tissues.